بررسی گسترش نفوذ ژئواکونومیکی چین در آسیای مرکزی

نویسنده

عضو هیات علمی پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی

چکیده

این مقاله به بررسی گسترش نفوذ اقتصادی چین در منطقه آسیای میانه پرداخته است، و در این راستا نقش چین را در حوزه آسیای میانه مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار داده است. در واقع پس از فروپاشی شوروی، و استقلال پنج دولت قزاقستان، تاجیکستان، ازبکستان، قرقیزستان و ترکمنستان و متعاقب آن پدیدار شدن سیستم منطقه ای آسیای میانه، روسیه به عنوان وارث مزیت های  به جای مانده از شوروی نفوذی بی رقیب در این حوزه داشته است. به تدریج چین به عنوان بازیگری نوظهور وارد معادلات منطقه آسیای میانه شده است، و نقش مسلط روسیه را در زمینه های مختلف اقتصادی به طور جدی به چالش گرفته است، به طوریکه چین در زمینه تجاری در مجموع به بزرگترین شریک تجارت خارجی برون منطقه ای آسیای میانه نبدیل شده است، در زمینه سرمایه گذاری و توسعه زیرساخت های انتقال نفت و گاز و حمل و نقل جاده ای و راه آهن نیز چین به طور فزاینده ای نقش چشمگیری ایفاء نموده است و باتوجه به تلاش چین برای تبدیل کردن سین کیانگ به دروازه بزرگ اقتصادی ورود به اوراسیا که ذیل پوشش جاده جدید ابریشم دنبال می شود و نیز با توجه به ضرورت ها و الزامات توسعه اقتصادی داخلی، انتظار می رود که گسترش فزاینده اقتصادی چین در حوزه آسیای میانه تداوم خود را حفظ کند. یافته های این مقاله نشان می دهد که چین سیاستی عمل گرایانه مبتنی بر الزامات توسعه در جهت افزایش منابع اقتصادی بخش های داخلی خود در این حوزه در پیش گرفته است، و پیوندی وثیق بین سیاست خارجی و عوامل و اهداف اقتصادی چین در این منطقه شکل گرفته است و هم چنان که نفوذ سیاسی پکن در جهت نیل به ضرورت های توسعه اقتصاد داخلی بکار گرفته شده است افزایش منابع اقتصادی نیز به تقویت سیاسی چین انجامیده است و چین گسترش بیرونی را به شیوه ای پیش نبرده است که هزینه های سنگینی بر جامعه داخلی تحمیل کند بلکه بلعکس گسترش بیرونی به در خدمت منافع اقتصادی جامعه داخلی است

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Expansion of the geo-economical influence of China in Central Asia

نویسنده [English]

  • Mohammad Taghizadeh Ansari

Faculty Member, Humanities and Cultural Studies Institute

چکیده [English]

This paper examines the expansion of China's economic influence in the Central Asian region, and analyzes China's role in the Central Asian region. Indeed, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, and the independence of the five governments of Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkmenistan, and the subsequent emergence of the Central Asian regional system, Russia has inherited unrivaled influence in the area as a result of Soviet advantages. . China, as an emerging actor, has gradually entered into the Central Asian equations, seriously challenging Russia's dominant role in various economic fields, with China as the largest trading partner in Asia's foreign trade region as a whole. China has also played an increasingly important role in the investment and development of oil, gas, road and rail transport infrastructure, and given China's efforts to transform Xinjiang into a major gateway. Economic entry into Eurasia pursued under the new Silk Road cover and also according to the needs And the requirements of domestic economic development, it is expected, that China's growing economic expansion in Central Asia will continue to maintain. The findings of this article show that China has adopted a pragmatic policy based on development requirements to increase the economic resources of its domestic sectors in this area, and a strong link has been established between China's foreign policy and its economic agents and objectives in the region. And as Beijing's political influence has been used to meet the needs of domestic economic development, the increase in economic resources has also contributed to China's political reinforcement, and China has not externally expanded in a way that imposes heavy costs on the domestic community. Rather, it is the external expansion that serves the economic interests of the domestic community.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • China
  • Central Asia
  • Geoeconomics
  • influence
  • trade
  • energy
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