پژوهش های روابط بین الملل

پژوهش های روابط بین الملل

تحلیل رقابت چین و آمریکا بر سر هژمونی: با تأکید بر دوره ریاست جمهوری ترامپ

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
نویسنده مسئول، استادیار گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران r.rahimi@ub.ac.ir
10.22034/irr.2026.575768.2830
چکیده
رقابت چین و آمریکا بر سر هژمونی باگذشت زمان تشدید خواهد شد. اگر جنگ تجاری بین دو قدرت پایان یابد، احتمالاً نوع مشابهی از درگیری تا زمانی که رقابت هژمونی چین و آمریکا ادامه دارد، رخ خواهد داد. هدف مقاله حاضر که به روش پژوهش تبینی انجام‌شده است، بررسی رقابت آمریکا و چین بر اساس نظریه ثبات هژمونیک و انتقال قدرت است. سؤالی که مطرح می‌شود این است که وقتی یک دولت مستقر و یک دولت در حال ظهور در سیاست جهانی باهم روبرو می‌شوند، چه اتفاقی می‌افتد؟ در پاسخ این فرضیه مطرح می‌شود که این امر تا حد زیادی به انتخاب‌های دولت مستقر در قبال دولت نوظهور و واکنش دولت نوظهور به آن‌ها بستگی دارد. درواقع ترس آمریکا از هژمونی رو به کاهش خود و ظهور سریع چین به‌عنوان رقیب این کشور، محرک انتخاب‌های رهبران آمریکا از اوباما تا بایدن و ترامپ برای رقابت، جنگ تجاری و گاهی مصالحه با چین بوده است. نتایج تحقیق حاکی از آن است که علت اصلی رقابت و جنگ تجاری و یا گاهی مصالحه دو اقتصاد بزرگ جهان، سیاسی است؛یعنی رقابت بر سر هژمونی جهانی. ازاین‌رو، آمریکا با اعمال تعرفه بر کالاهای چینی به دنبال بهبود تراز تجاری با چین نیست؛ بلکه به دنبال مهار و مدیریت چین برای حفظ هژمونی خود در جهان است. بنابراین درک جنگ تجاری آمریکا و چین مستلزم توجه دقیق به اهمیت رقابت قدرت بین این دو کشور است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Analysis of the U.S-China hegemonic rivalry: emphasis on the Trump presidency

نویسنده English

Rauf Rahimi
Corresponding Author, Assistant Professor of Political Sciences at the University of Bojnord, , Bojnord, Iran. r.rahimi@ub.ac.ir
چکیده English

The competition for hegemony between China and the United States is expected to intensify over time. Even if the current trade war between these tow power concludes, similar types of conflict are likely to recure as long as the U.S-China hegemonic rivalry persists. Using an explanatory research method, this article examines the competition between the U.S and China through the lenses of hegemonic stability theory and power transition theory. The central question addressed is: what happens when an established power and an emerging state confront one another in global politics? The hypothesis proposed is that the outcome depends largely on the strategic choices of the established power toward the emerging power. The practice, American fear of its declining hegemony and the rapid rise of China as a rival has driven the strategic choices of U.S leaders- from Obama to Trump and Biden- ranging from competition and trade wars to occasional compromise. The findings indicate that the root cause of the rivalry and trade war between the world's two largest economies is primarily political: specifically, a struggle for global hegemony. Consequently, the United States does not impose tariffs on Chinese goods merely to improve its trade balance rather.it seeks to contain and manage China to preserve its own global dominance. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the U.S -China trade war requires careful attention to the significance of the power competition between these two nations

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Competition
Hegemony
East Asia
Power Transition
Trade War
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