پژوهش های روابط بین الملل

پژوهش های روابط بین الملل

رقابت آمریکا و چین در منطقه ژئوپلیتیکی آسیا – پاسیفیک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
امیر روشن 1
محسن جمشیدی 2
1 استادیار علوم سیاسی، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران.
2 دکتری علوم سیاسی، پژوهشگر سیاسی و مدرس گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین‌الملل دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران
10.22034/irr.2025.568256.2815
چکیده
یکی از مسائل مهم در حوزه‌ی مطالعات راهبردی، رقابت امریکا و چین در محیط منطقه‌ای آسیا– پاسیفیک است. مسئله این است که راهبرد آمریکا به‌منظور ممانعت از خیزش چین و تبدیل‌شدن به چالشگر هژمون در محیط بین‌الملل چیست؟ به نظر می‌رسد که آمریکا با اتخاذ راهبرد هژمون گرایی نوین و با راهبرد موازنه فراساحلی و نفوذ در محیط منطقه‌ای آسیا– پاسیفیک، درصدد فشار و جلوگیری از قدرت‌یابی چین می‌باشد. یافته‌های پژوهش با رویکرد توصیفی- تحلیلی و روش کیفی بیانگر این است که قدرت هژمون به‌منظور ممانعت از ظهور هژمون نوین با قلمروسازی ژئوپلیتیکی سعی در ایجاد محدودیت برای بازیگران نوظهور می‌باشد. اساساً فضای ژئوپلیتیکی آسیا –پاسیفیک برای چین اهمیت ژئوپلیتیکی، استراتژیکی و ژئواکونومیکی داشته و درواقع این منطقه به‌مثابه پاشنه آشیل چین نیز عمل می‌کند. راهبرد کلان آمریکا در محیط منطقه‌ای آسیا – پاسیفیک با اتخاذ راهبرد موازنه فراساحلی از طریق مؤلفه‌هایی همچون ائتلاف و موازنه سازی، کوآد، اکوس و بازسازی جهانی بهتر طرح‌ریزی‌شده است. در مقابل راهبرد چین برای پیشبرد سیاست و اهداف خود نفوذ در مناطق و یافتن محیطی از طریق ابتکار کمربند – جاده و راه ابریشم نوین می‌باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
هژمون‌گرایی
رقابت
پاسیفیک
ژئوپلیتیک
موازنه

عنوان مقاله English

America and China competition in the Asia-Pacific geopolitical region

نویسندگان English

amir raoshan 1
Mohsen Jamshidi 2
1 Assistant Professor of Political Science, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
2 Jamshidi PhD in Political Science, Political Researcher and Lecturer in the Department of Political Science and International Relations, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

One of the main issues that has attracted the attention of all analysts of the international system from the perspective of strategic studies is the competition between the United States and China in the Asia-Pacific regional environment. What parameters are affected by the United States' strategy to prevent China's rise and becoming a hegemon? It seems that the United States, by adopting a new hegemonic strategy and with a strategy of offshore balance and influence in the Asia-Pacific regional environment, is trying to pressure and prevent China from becoming a hegemon through specific patterns. The present study is of an applied type, with a qualitative-interpretative method and a descriptive-analytical approach. The findings of the study show that, according to geostrategic patterns, the United States, as a hegemon in the global geopolitical system, is afraid of the emergence of another hegemonic power (China) in the environment and is trying to limit this advance through geopolitical territorialization. The Asia-Pacific geopolitical space has geopolitical, geostrategic and geoeconomic importance for China and in fact this region acts as China's Achilles heel. The US's macro-strategic trends in the Asia-Pacific regional environment are planned by adopting a strategy of offshore balancing through components such as alliance and balancing, QUAD, ECOS and B3W better global reconstruction. In contrast, China's response to advance its strategy is, in short, a rise to hegemony and environmental opening through the Belt and Road Initiative and the New Silk Road.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

New hegemony
strategic competition
Asia-Pacific
geopolitics
remote balancing (offshore)
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