The Iranian Association of International Studies International Relations Researches 2251-8444 9 2 2019 08 23 The failure of the democratic process in Egypt after the 2011 revolution, from the point of view of Ajamoglu-Robinson theory The failure of the democratic process in Egypt after the 2011 revolution, from the point of view of Ajamoglu-Robinson theory 161 186 101053 10.22034/irr.2019.101053 FA Mohammad Hasan Sheykhol Eslami Associate Professor, School of International Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs Meysam Ghahramani Graduate of Middle East Studies, Faculty of International Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs Mosen Gharibi Graduate of Middle East Studies, Faculty of International Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs Journal Article 2020 01 09 Theorists in various fields of social sciences blame various and sometimes contradictory factors for starting the protests in Egypt. Economists have focused on economic factors, and political scientists have focused on political elements. This causal-descriptive study, examining library and electronic sources, seeks to answer the question of why the democratic process in Egypt, which began with the 2011 revolution, failed and faced a military coup. The approach of the political economy of Ajamoglu and Robinson, taken from the book The Economic Roots of Dictatorship and Democracy, has been chosen as a theoretical framework. The findings of this study show that: "The structural dependence of the Egyptian economy on foreign exchange resources and foreign exchange earnings and the impact of its fluctuations, the lack of intermediary role by the Egyptian middle class due to fear of the actions of Mohammad Morsi's government and even the tendency of an important part of civil society The military, the Egyptian presidential system, and the dispute between the Muslim Brotherhood and the military over the political and legal institutions and the lack of partnership in power, inequality and poverty in Egypt, and the military's efforts to raise the cost of the revolution for the people are four factors. All in all, the revolution did not materialize completely, threatening democracy for the upper classes and making the coup attractive to the Egyptian military. Theorists in various fields of social sciences blame various and sometimes contradictory factors for starting the protests in Egypt. Economists have focused on economic factors, and political scientists have focused on political elements. This causal-descriptive study, examining library and electronic sources, seeks to answer the question of why the democratic process in Egypt, which began with the 2011 revolution, failed and faced a military coup. The approach of the political economy of Ajamoglu and Robinson, taken from the book The Economic Roots of Dictatorship and Democracy, has been chosen as a theoretical framework. The findings of this study show that: "The structural dependence of the Egyptian economy on foreign exchange resources and foreign exchange earnings and the impact of its fluctuations, the lack of intermediary role by the Egyptian middle class due to fear of the actions of Mohammad Morsi's government and even the tendency of an important part of civil society The military, the Egyptian presidential system, and the dispute between the Muslim Brotherhood and the military over the political and legal institutions and the lack of partnership in power, inequality and poverty in Egypt, and the military's efforts to raise the cost of the revolution for the people are four factors. All in all, the revolution did not materialize completely, threatening democracy for the upper classes and making the coup attractive to the Egyptian military. https://www.iisajournals.ir/article_101053_6912d2cf8d6f0319d2bed09e2d2e6b37.pdf