The Iranian Association of International Studies International Relations Researches 2251-8444 14 4 2025 02 19 International Security Evolutions and Hybrid Warfare in the 21st Century International Security Evolutions and Hybrid Warfare in the 21st Century 309 327 234520 10.22034/irr.2025.520893.2703 FA Sajjad Karimi Parsheh MA in International Relations, Department of International Relations, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, Iran 0009-0008-5623-1971 Gholamali Chegnizadeh Associate Professor of International Relations, Department of International Relations, Allameh Tabatabaei University,,Tehran, Iran 0000-0003-0226-1522 Journal Article 2025 05 11 Hybrid Warfare is an important aspect of security approaches in the 21 century . It involves a combination of military and civilian strategies that include the simultaneous use of cyber operations , information warfare and media campaigns. The emergence of new media and advanced technologies has made hybrid warfare and deterrence policies some of the main security concerns for international actors. on the other hand , this has significantly promoted developments in the international security . Nevertheless the key question is what are the most important effects of hybrid warfare on the evolution of international security and which aspect of are most affected? in response to this hypothesis , it has been proposed that the emergence of Hybrid Warfare has led to changes in military strategies , increased tension and instability ,alteration in the foundations of national security and challenges for international institution and cooperation among different governments. Consequently , the present research is explanatory with international security development as the independent variable and the emergence of hybrid warfare as the dependent variable . the data collection method is based on reliable internet and library sources. Hybrid Warfare is an important aspect of security approaches in the 21 century . It involves a combination of military and civilian strategies that include the simultaneous use of cyber operations , information warfare and media campaigns. The emergence of new media and advanced technologies has made hybrid warfare and deterrence policies some of the main security concerns for international actors. on the other hand , this has significantly promoted developments in the international security . Nevertheless the key question is what are the most important effects of hybrid warfare on the evolution of international security and which aspect of are most affected? in response to this hypothesis , it has been proposed that the emergence of Hybrid Warfare has led to changes in military strategies , increased tension and instability ,alteration in the foundations of national security and challenges for international institution and cooperation among different governments. Consequently , the present research is explanatory with international security development as the independent variable and the emergence of hybrid warfare as the dependent variable . the data collection method is based on reliable internet and library sources. https://www.iisajournals.ir/article_234520_fefe7d9e18cb798df0459d07be3ebc8c.pdf