The Iranian Association of International Studies International Relations Researches 2251-8444 4 11 2014 04 21 European Soft Balancing against America: by Focusing on The “Irans Nuclear Program” European Soft Balancing against America: by Focusing on The “Irans Nuclear Program” 99 128 41948 FA Seyyed Asghar Keyvan Hosseini Associate Professor of International Relations, Allameh Tabataba'i University Fatemeh Daneshvar Mohammadzadegan Master of International Relations, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Journal Article 2014 07 28 The collapse of the soviet union have changed and redefined the nature of relation between europe and united states of america, so knowed “Transatlantic Relation”. Although the america become the only remaining superpower in the world, but the consequences of the end of the bipolar system and regional crisise has threated security in the europe. In these condition, successful economic integration in europe, encourage european to political and military independence. The process that have concurrented mid emergence of balancing actions against america in europe. These balancing actions relies on nonmilitary tools, economice and cultural context, therefore named “soft balancing”. The purpose of this rsearch is to define and appraise the “soft balancing theory” that have rooted in realistic “balance of power theory”. So it is describes european balancing against america in during and the end of the cold war. Then by focusing on the “irans nuclear program” analizes the european soft balancing motives and mechanisms. In this manner, takes into consideration thedifferences ineuropes approach than the the u.s. in the bush and obama era. The collapse of the soviet union have changed and redefined the nature of relation between europe and united states of america, so knowed “Transatlantic Relation”. Although the america become the only remaining superpower in the world, but the consequences of the end of the bipolar system and regional crisise has threated security in the europe. In these condition, successful economic integration in europe, encourage european to political and military independence. The process that have concurrented mid emergence of balancing actions against america in europe. These balancing actions relies on nonmilitary tools, economice and cultural context, therefore named “soft balancing”. The purpose of this rsearch is to define and appraise the “soft balancing theory” that have rooted in realistic “balance of power theory”. So it is describes european balancing against america in during and the end of the cold war. Then by focusing on the “irans nuclear program” analizes the european soft balancing motives and mechanisms. In this manner, takes into consideration thedifferences ineuropes approach than the the u.s. in the bush and obama era. https://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41948_4127060f9834214ff4f97985c6227cfd.pdf