The Iranian Association of International Studies International Relations Researches 2251-8444 3 7 2013 03 21 The Evaluation of Social Action from the Perspective of Social Constructionism The Evaluation of Social Action from the Perspective of Social Constructionism 9 35 41919 FA Ahmad Naghibzadeh Professor of Political Science, University of Tehran Zahra Kheshkjan PhD student in Political Sociology, University of Tehran Journal Article 2014 02 04 This paper introduces social constructionism as an approach to study political and social sciences. The main approach of this methodology is to concentrate on constructions (and not structures) and meanings (semantic constructs) in the socio-political processes and actions. It inherits the role of structures and functions from structurism and functionalism both of which fail to take into account the socio-political analysis. But social constructivism accentuates everything that creates the meaning, identity and consciousness in political behaviors and phenomena. Considering the methods of this approach, collective and political behaviors as well as phenomena are analyzed on the basis of their meanings and semantic contexts. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the important elements constructed their meaning frameworks (which leads to action). Such an approach may be considered as an interesting collection of social psychology (with emphasis), phenomenology and finally, discourse analysis. This paper introduces social constructionism as an approach to study political and social sciences. The main approach of this methodology is to concentrate on constructions (and not structures) and meanings (semantic constructs) in the socio-political processes and actions. It inherits the role of structures and functions from structurism and functionalism both of which fail to take into account the socio-political analysis. But social constructivism accentuates everything that creates the meaning, identity and consciousness in political behaviors and phenomena. Considering the methods of this approach, collective and political behaviors as well as phenomena are analyzed on the basis of their meanings and semantic contexts. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the important elements constructed their meaning frameworks (which leads to action). Such an approach may be considered as an interesting collection of social psychology (with emphasis), phenomenology and finally, discourse analysis.

https://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41919_fe7d8d22c444e8f808b6362c6083adf6.pdf

The Iranian Association of International Studies International Relations Researches 2251-8444 3 7 2013 03 21 Systemic cycle of power, strategic stability and arms control regime in the Middle East Systemic cycle of power, strategic stability and arms control regime in the Middle East 36 65 41920 FA Farhad Ghasemi Associate Professor of International Relations, University of Tehran Zahra Pourdast M.Sc. in Regional Studies, Shiraz University Journal Article 2014 02 04 Existence of security dilemma has caused the countries' concentration on formation of security regimes. But, the international system has some qualities which have a direct effect on the formation, efficiency and inefficiency of such security regimes. Among all, systematic power cycle is one of the most important qualities of the international and regional system which has a direct impact on the above subject. It is worth mentioning that various kinds of power cycle lead to the formation of different strategic environments. These environments can function as facilitators or barricades to such regimes. The Middle East Regional System is not an exception to the fact. Consequently, the main question is that how the above cycle at its international and regional level has affected the formation, efficiency and inefficiency of regional arms control regime in the Middle East, as one of the security regime models. While taking the importance of the power cycle into consideration, this thesis surveys the consequences of the power cycle in regard with arms control and disarmament in the region. It is also believed that due to the strategic instability and unrest environment in the Middle East, no background is available for the formation of such regimes. Existence of security dilemma has caused the countries' concentration on formation of security regimes. But, the international system has some qualities which have a direct effect on the formation, efficiency and inefficiency of such security regimes. Among all, systematic power cycle is one of the most important qualities of the international and regional system which has a direct impact on the above subject. It is worth mentioning that various kinds of power cycle lead to the formation of different strategic environments. These environments can function as facilitators or barricades to such regimes. The Middle East Regional System is not an exception to the fact. Consequently, the main question is that how the above cycle at its international and regional level has affected the formation, efficiency and inefficiency of regional arms control regime in the Middle East, as one of the security regime models. While taking the importance of the power cycle into consideration, this thesis surveys the consequences of the power cycle in regard with arms control and disarmament in the region. It is also believed that due to the strategic instability and unrest environment in the Middle East, no background is available for the formation of such regimes.

https://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41920_15bd55b06e71e71c600a5517a6f944b3.pdf

The Iranian Association of International Studies International Relations Researches 2251-8444 3 7 2013 03 21 The Human Rights Challenge in EU-Iran Relations The Human Rights Challenge in EU-Iran Relations 66 80 41921 FA Majid Bozorgmehri Associate Professor Imam Khomeini International University Ali Azizi International Relations Researcher at Imam Khomeini International University Journal Article 2014 02 04 For the last three decades, the European Union has been the engine of preparing drafts, collecting signatures and mobilizing its members to ratify human rights resolutions against Iran in the Human Rights Commission and UN General Assembly. The EU allegations on violation of human rights in Iran have negatively affected the bilateral relations. They have also undermined other aspects of the relations to the extent that the EU has linked expansion of trade ties with Iran to the political challenges including the human rights. This research intends to study the challenge based on primary documents of the EU and answer the question about its approach on human rights issues in Iran. We have adopted a library and content analysis approach For the last three decades, the European Union has been the engine of preparing drafts, collecting signatures and mobilizing its members to ratify human rights resolutions against Iran in the Human Rights Commission and UN General Assembly. The EU allegations on violation of human rights in Iran have negatively affected the bilateral relations. They have also undermined other aspects of the relations to the extent that the EU has linked expansion of trade ties with Iran to the political challenges including the human rights. This research intends to study the challenge based on primary documents of the EU and answer the question about its approach on human rights issues in Iran. We have adopted a library and content analysis approach

https://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41921_bb51ee24da672e857c3d9775b0abee4c.pdf

The Iranian Association of International Studies International Relations Researches 2251-8444 3 7 2013 03 21 The Model of Discourse Conversion into the International Communication Acts The Model of Discourse Conversion into the International Communication Acts 81 110 41922 FA Hasan Bashir Associate Professor Imam Sadegh University Jasem Nematnia Master of Media Management of IRIB University Journal Article 2014 02 04 Given the increasing importance of the international communication and its current acts, as an important tool for public diplomacy, acquaintance with this field and the factors influencing on it is vital and strategic. “Discourse” as a demanding and inclusive basis has the potential to convert into the international communication acts. This article aims to present a model depicting the discourse converting into international communication acts. Specifically, we raised this question: with what features and after passing what phases, a discourse obtains the state of influencing the international communications? In this research, using the library and historical method, the evolution of “discourse” and its related concepts were studied and the research findings were integrated round the intended model, regarding the hypothesis that discourse must be compatible with culture and identity, and have a level of inclusiveness to be able to convert into the international communication acts. In the model obtained, it is shown how the discourse should go a long way through the heart of values, culture, national identity and the national interests, so that after modifying and with the help of the supporters convert into the international communication acts. Also, providing definitions and conditions for this complicated process, from beginning to the end, its procedure was depicted and the appropriate discourse to convert into the international communication acts was determined. In the end, we tried to present the way of utilizing this model, in order to develop and foster an appropriate discourse to play a role in the international scene. Given the increasing importance of the international communication and its current acts, as an important tool for public diplomacy, acquaintance with this field and the factors influencing on it is vital and strategic. “Discourse” as a demanding and inclusive basis has the potential to convert into the international communication acts. This article aims to present a model depicting the discourse converting into international communication acts. Specifically, we raised this question: with what features and after passing what phases, a discourse obtains the state of influencing the international communications? In this research, using the library and historical method, the evolution of “discourse” and its related concepts were studied and the research findings were integrated round the intended model, regarding the hypothesis that discourse must be compatible with culture and identity, and have a level of inclusiveness to be able to convert into the international communication acts. In the model obtained, it is shown how the discourse should go a long way through the heart of values, culture, national identity and the national interests, so that after modifying and with the help of the supporters convert into the international communication acts. Also, providing definitions and conditions for this complicated process, from beginning to the end, its procedure was depicted and the appropriate discourse to convert into the international communication acts was determined. In the end, we tried to present the way of utilizing this model, in order to develop and foster an appropriate discourse to play a role in the international scene.

https://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41922_ab1417ecaf41d8fb741fade9be0b8ab1.pdf

The Iranian Association of International Studies International Relations Researches 2251-8444 3 7 2013 03 21 Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood Ideological Evolution, and Challenges Ahead Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood Ideological Evolution, and Challenges Ahead 112 156 41923 FA Masoumeh Rad Goudarzi Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Guilan Journal Article 2014 02 04 This paper reviews the most important ideological developments of Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood party in the seventy years of its political life. This ideological evolution and transformation has been under the influence and interaction with the local, regional and international environment. To understand the reason and depth of these ideological developments, the researcher examined the historical and intellectual milestones of these developments and found that after founding the party and drawing its main lines of political and religious ideology by Al-Bana, the Brotherhood has experienced two ideological fundamental evolutions: 1. Emergence of Sayyid Qutb in the fifties and spread of radicalism in Islamic thoughts, and 2. Formation of a moderate Islamic and neo-interpretive religious movement in the nineties and its religious dominance on the ideological structure of the party in the first decade of twenty first century, which led to some reformations in the manifesto of the party, reception of political pluralism, and acceptance of democratic values as human rights which are recognized by Islam. Furthermore, due to the nature of the party's ideological-political manifesto, researcher identified and addressed the challenges that the Muslim Brotherhood will encounter in the region as a political party. The answers to these challenges are considered effective in the evolution of political Islam and can be counted as another major milestone in the ideological history of the party. This paper reviews the most important ideological developments of Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood party in the seventy years of its political life. This ideological evolution and transformation has been under the influence and interaction with the local, regional and international environment. To understand the reason and depth of these ideological developments, the researcher examined the historical and intellectual milestones of these developments and found that after founding the party and drawing its main lines of political and religious ideology by Al-Bana, the Brotherhood has experienced two ideological fundamental evolutions: 1. Emergence of Sayyid Qutb in the fifties and spread of radicalism in Islamic thoughts, and 2. Formation of a moderate Islamic and neo-interpretive religious movement in the nineties and its religious dominance on the ideological structure of the party in the first decade of twenty first century, which led to some reformations in the manifesto of the party, reception of political pluralism, and acceptance of democratic values as human rights which are recognized by Islam. Furthermore, due to the nature of the party's ideological-political manifesto, researcher identified and addressed the challenges that the Muslim Brotherhood will encounter in the region as a political party. The answers to these challenges are considered effective in the evolution of political Islam and can be counted as another major milestone in the ideological history of the party.

https://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41923_09a0cc9c659ceb73bbe65de3a54274f0.pdf

The Iranian Association of International Studies International Relations Researches 2251-8444 3 7 2013 03 21 The Role of TV in Supporting Iran's Foreign Policy The Role of TV in Supporting Iran's Foreign Policy 157 180 41924 FA Davoud Doagooyan Member of the Faculty of Amin Police University Journal Article 2014 02 04 This research aims at two objectives: (1) studying the role of the tone of the global television in the foreign policy which is known as the CNN Effect, and (2) studying the role of Iran's TV in supporting the country's nuclear policy. The question is whether Iran's broadcasting organization has been aware of its role in the nuclear policy process. The researcher used the survey method to collect the viewpoints of political and media experts. It was found that the national TV has taken comprehensive steps to cover the news of the nuclear issue, to generate support in the domestic public opinion and to send political message to other countries. However, it has not employed all its might in supporting Iran's nuclear policy vis-à-vis other global networks which use high techniques and public diplomacy to affect Iran's public opinion. This research aims at two objectives: (1) studying the role of the tone of the global television in the foreign policy which is known as the CNN Effect, and (2) studying the role of Iran's TV in supporting the country's nuclear policy. The question is whether Iran's broadcasting organization has been aware of its role in the nuclear policy process. The researcher used the survey method to collect the viewpoints of political and media experts. It was found that the national TV has taken comprehensive steps to cover the news of the nuclear issue, to generate support in the domestic public opinion and to send political message to other countries. However, it has not employed all its might in supporting Iran's nuclear policy vis-à-vis other global networks which use high techniques and public diplomacy to affect Iran's public opinion.

https://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41924_1823d84d3a1658907dac3f1c08d9b4f0.pdf