The Iranian Association of International StudiesInternational Relations Researches2251-844441120140421A Survey of AIPAC and its Influence on the United States of America’s Middle East PolicyA Survey of AIPAC and its Influence on the United States of America’s Middle East Policy93441945FARezaSimbarProfessor, Department of Political Science, University of Guilan0000-0001-5111-1075KyanoushNazariMaster of Science in International Relations, University of GuilanJournal Article20140728U.S decentralized and distributed political structure has culminated in the many movements and organizations to affect the complicated process of the political decisions. Though Jews make only about three percent of U.S population, they have been the most influential ethnic minorities into the power structure of the U.S. <br /> <br /> American Jewish have created a series of significant influences in the U.S foreign policies which the role of the American Israel Public Affair Committee(AIPAC), the most powerful Jewish organization, is very significant. The organization which is responsible for planning and coordinating the activities of Jewish organizations in U.S plays the most important role in coordinating the U.S policies along with the interests of Zionism. Today, this Organization is the most prominent Zionist’s tool to influence the policies of the current world superior power in the world's most controversial region, the Middle East, and Israel’s issues. This article attempts to provide a brief view of the causes of Jewish power in the U.S, AIPAC, and its influence on the Middle East policies by U.SU.S decentralized and distributed political structure has culminated in the many movements and organizations to affect the complicated process of the political decisions. Though Jews make only about three percent of U.S population, they have been the most influential ethnic minorities into the power structure of the U.S. <br /> <br /> American Jewish have created a series of significant influences in the U.S foreign policies which the role of the American Israel Public Affair Committee(AIPAC), the most powerful Jewish organization, is very significant. The organization which is responsible for planning and coordinating the activities of Jewish organizations in U.S plays the most important role in coordinating the U.S policies along with the interests of Zionism. Today, this Organization is the most prominent Zionist’s tool to influence the policies of the current world superior power in the world's most controversial region, the Middle East, and Israel’s issues. This article attempts to provide a brief view of the causes of Jewish power in the U.S, AIPAC, and its influence on the Middle East policies by U.Shttps://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41945_7c9357dc1384365a339ee9de0b1f5766.pdfThe Iranian Association of International StudiesInternational Relations Researches2251-844441120140421Diplomacy in the Age of Technology: NecessitiesDiplomacy in the Age of Technology: Necessities356641946FASeyed Mohammad KazemSajjadpourMember of the Faculty of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign AffairsMehdiZadealiGraduated from the Department of Diplomacy and Foreign AffairsJournal Article20140728The Contemporary World has been affected by technology In one hand, the Principals that define ability and Power of international actors have changed and new condition emerged. In this situation, national and international issues need new strategy and tools for management of them on the other hand the daily changes in technology make new tools based on science and knowledge. In this condition, the technology and knowledge become one of the most important elements of national power. this changes forced diplomacy to adapt to this conditions and two divisions affected by them; first the methods of implementation of foreign policy, and second, agenda of diplomacy. <br />this article titled as Diplomacy in the Age of Technology: Necessities is a theoretical effort to analyze contemporary international relations based on analytical method. in short, the result of this survey can be explained in one sentence that public diplomacy and cyber diplomacy as new method and intellectual property, technological exchange, control and managing of internet, environmental and biological security as new agenda for diplomacy has been emerged.The Contemporary World has been affected by technology In one hand, the Principals that define ability and Power of international actors have changed and new condition emerged. In this situation, national and international issues need new strategy and tools for management of them on the other hand the daily changes in technology make new tools based on science and knowledge. In this condition, the technology and knowledge become one of the most important elements of national power. this changes forced diplomacy to adapt to this conditions and two divisions affected by them; first the methods of implementation of foreign policy, and second, agenda of diplomacy. <br />this article titled as Diplomacy in the Age of Technology: Necessities is a theoretical effort to analyze contemporary international relations based on analytical method. in short, the result of this survey can be explained in one sentence that public diplomacy and cyber diplomacy as new method and intellectual property, technological exchange, control and managing of internet, environmental and biological security as new agenda for diplomacy has been emerged.https://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41946_2d2633f2f6a184c9733f83e50dedbc7d.pdfThe Iranian Association of International StudiesInternational Relations Researches2251-844441120140421An Evaluation of the British Stance on Recent Developments in West Asia and North Africa: A Comparative Study of Bahrain, Syria and EgyptAn Evaluation of the British Stance on Recent Developments in West Asia and North Africa: A Comparative Study of Bahrain, Syria and Egypt679841947FAMohammad HasanKhaniAssociate Professor of Political Science, Imam Sadegh UniversityHojatollahNoori SariMaster of Political Science, Imam Sadegh UniversityJournal Article20140728West Asia and North Africa regions have been the scene of important events throughout the history. Regardless of the roots and causes of these events, the countries of the region have always been subject to interventions by great power beyond the region. These interventions have changed the direction of those events and sometimes led to a total diversion of the events from their original goals. The recent developments in the Arab world know as Arab Springs or Islamic Awakening, are a good example of this phenomenon. This article is an attempt to examine the role of Great Britain in these events as one the most important players in the region, and to analyze the different and to some extent contradictory policies adopted by London in dealing with the developments in Bahrain, Syria, and Egypt. The article also tries to explain to answer these questions that British policies were based on which goals and interests, and what would be the challenges aheadWest Asia and North Africa regions have been the scene of important events throughout the history. Regardless of the roots and causes of these events, the countries of the region have always been subject to interventions by great power beyond the region. These interventions have changed the direction of those events and sometimes led to a total diversion of the events from their original goals. The recent developments in the Arab world know as Arab Springs or Islamic Awakening, are a good example of this phenomenon. This article is an attempt to examine the role of Great Britain in these events as one the most important players in the region, and to analyze the different and to some extent contradictory policies adopted by London in dealing with the developments in Bahrain, Syria, and Egypt. The article also tries to explain to answer these questions that British policies were based on which goals and interests, and what would be the challenges aheadhttps://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41947_3e145d35dd1945b8b95ec55deaa076ba.pdfThe Iranian Association of International StudiesInternational Relations Researches2251-844441120140421European Soft Balancing against America: by Focusing on The “Irans Nuclear Program”European Soft Balancing against America: by Focusing on The “Irans Nuclear Program”9912841948FASeyyed AsgharKeyvan HosseiniAssociate Professor of International Relations, Allameh Tabataba'i UniversityFatemehDaneshvar MohammadzadeganMaster of International Relations, Ferdowsi University of MashhadJournal Article20140728The collapse of the soviet union have changed and redefined the nature of relation between europe and united states of america, so knowed “Transatlantic Relation”. Although the america become the only remaining superpower in the world, but the consequences of the end of the bipolar system and regional crisise has threated security in the europe. In these condition, successful economic integration in europe, encourage european to political and military independence. The process that have concurrented mid emergence of balancing actions against america in europe. These balancing actions relies on nonmilitary tools, economice and cultural context, therefore named “soft balancing”. The purpose of this rsearch is to define and appraise the “soft balancing theory” that have rooted in realistic “balance of power theory”. So it is describes european balancing against america in during and the end of the cold war. Then by focusing on the “irans nuclear program” analizes the european soft balancing motives and mechanisms. In this manner, takes into consideration thedifferences ineuropes approach than the the u.s. in the bush and obama era.The collapse of the soviet union have changed and redefined the nature of relation between europe and united states of america, so knowed “Transatlantic Relation”. Although the america become the only remaining superpower in the world, but the consequences of the end of the bipolar system and regional crisise has threated security in the europe. In these condition, successful economic integration in europe, encourage european to political and military independence. The process that have concurrented mid emergence of balancing actions against america in europe. These balancing actions relies on nonmilitary tools, economice and cultural context, therefore named “soft balancing”. The purpose of this rsearch is to define and appraise the “soft balancing theory” that have rooted in realistic “balance of power theory”. So it is describes european balancing against america in during and the end of the cold war. Then by focusing on the “irans nuclear program” analizes the european soft balancing motives and mechanisms. In this manner, takes into consideration thedifferences ineuropes approach than the the u.s. in the bush and obama era.https://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41948_4127060f9834214ff4f97985c6227cfd.pdfThe Iranian Association of International StudiesInternational Relations Researches2251-844441120140421International Law and Creation of the Independent State of PalestineInternational Law and Creation of the Independent State of Palestine12916241949FASeyed AhmadTabatabaiAssistant Professor of International Law, University of Tehran - Campus FarabiDavoodMohebi AnjdaniPhD Student of Public Law, University of Tehran - Farabi CampusJournal Article20140728The Creation of the Independent State of Palestine has a basic priority and it is an important step to support the rights of the nation of Palestine. However, there are numerous challenges relevant to this issue. First in this study, the right of Palestinian to form an independent state and the historical background of the crisis, including the measures having been taken to form the state of Palestine have been considered. Then, the necessary elements to establish a state from viewpoint of the international law have been examined. This study concludes that the right of self determination and the right of Palestinian to create an independent state have been confirmed by the international law principles, and have been emphasized in the UN resolutions. However, the most serious challenge rises from the occupation of Palestinian territories by Israel and unwillingness of Israel to establish the state of PalestineThe Creation of the Independent State of Palestine has a basic priority and it is an important step to support the rights of the nation of Palestine. However, there are numerous challenges relevant to this issue. First in this study, the right of Palestinian to form an independent state and the historical background of the crisis, including the measures having been taken to form the state of Palestine have been considered. Then, the necessary elements to establish a state from viewpoint of the international law have been examined. This study concludes that the right of self determination and the right of Palestinian to create an independent state have been confirmed by the international law principles, and have been emphasized in the UN resolutions. However, the most serious challenge rises from the occupation of Palestinian territories by Israel and unwillingness of Israel to establish the state of Palestinehttps://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41949_34390147aa604589f654dca78ae78da3.pdfThe Iranian Association of International StudiesInternational Relations Researches2251-844441120140421Relationship between the principle of self-determination with autonomy and secessionRelationship between the principle of self-determination with autonomy and secession16319441950FAAli RezaArashpourAssistant Professor, Department of Law, University of IsfahanFarnazShiraniMaster of International Law, Shahid Ashrafi University of IsfahanJournal Article20140728The principle of self-determination as a human right, constitute the other fundamental human rights, by virtue of that right people freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. This right is an individual human right that everyone has it. Perhaps that's why the UN charter mentioned this right with respect to fundamental freedoms and rights. Recent principle is one of the fundamental principle of international law has played an important role in the formation process. In addition the principle of self-determination as a norm of Jus conges can eradicate human rights violations that one of the most important of them is prohibition of minorities’ rights violation, And in the next steps by granting freedom right to people in determining their political system of government and regular participation on civil and political affairs will be provided their satisfaction. When, all right and fundamental freedoms of all people especially the minority community is gained, the right of self-determination will also be achieved. The minority groups that their rights are being violated are able to restore their lost rights resort to ways of violence, non-peaceful and non-democraticThe principle of self-determination as a human right, constitute the other fundamental human rights, by virtue of that right people freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. This right is an individual human right that everyone has it. Perhaps that's why the UN charter mentioned this right with respect to fundamental freedoms and rights. Recent principle is one of the fundamental principle of international law has played an important role in the formation process. In addition the principle of self-determination as a norm of Jus conges can eradicate human rights violations that one of the most important of them is prohibition of minorities’ rights violation, And in the next steps by granting freedom right to people in determining their political system of government and regular participation on civil and political affairs will be provided their satisfaction. When, all right and fundamental freedoms of all people especially the minority community is gained, the right of self-determination will also be achieved. The minority groups that their rights are being violated are able to restore their lost rights resort to ways of violence, non-peaceful and non-democratichttps://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41950_5fd69e4f4037bc5b912ebb242fe8821b.pdfThe Iranian Association of International StudiesInternational Relations Researches2251-844441120140421Geopolitical structures of Terrorism In the first decade of the third millenniumGeopolitical structures of Terrorism In the first decade of the third millennium19521941951FASajjadKarimi PashakiInstructor of Islamic Azad University of Rasht BranchRuhollahMonemPhD student in International Relations, University of GuilanMohammad SadeghYahyapourHead of Islamic Azad University, Someh Sara BranchJournal Article20140728Political and military action against terrorism, including international terrorism, represent a consensus for the uneven shape of retaliation or pre-emptive action in terms of fighting and preventing terrorism and terrorism that has, after 11 September 2001, the United States of America has played a pivotal role. Feedback on these measures of global geopolitical structure since the 2000s had a profound impact. U.S. president George W. Bush terrorism division of the Congress in 2002 to plan, the basis for the formation of pre-emptive strikes and collective security was contemporary. International policies and strategies in the first decade of the third millennium, and was affected by the terrorist organizations operating on national and regional measures to combat terrorism and its state sponsors or restriction adopted. As governments and regional and international organizations are united in defining terrorism, terrorist groups can range from the legitimate defenders of the land and the international terrorist group name fighters freedom to operate. The emphases of the terrorist attacks on the figures vary. This paper attempts to analysis descriptive data mining research organizations with relevant maps in some species, the risks and threats of terrorism, terrorism operation impact on geopolitical developments in the region will be assessedPolitical and military action against terrorism, including international terrorism, represent a consensus for the uneven shape of retaliation or pre-emptive action in terms of fighting and preventing terrorism and terrorism that has, after 11 September 2001, the United States of America has played a pivotal role. Feedback on these measures of global geopolitical structure since the 2000s had a profound impact. U.S. president George W. Bush terrorism division of the Congress in 2002 to plan, the basis for the formation of pre-emptive strikes and collective security was contemporary. International policies and strategies in the first decade of the third millennium, and was affected by the terrorist organizations operating on national and regional measures to combat terrorism and its state sponsors or restriction adopted. As governments and regional and international organizations are united in defining terrorism, terrorist groups can range from the legitimate defenders of the land and the international terrorist group name fighters freedom to operate. The emphases of the terrorist attacks on the figures vary. This paper attempts to analysis descriptive data mining research organizations with relevant maps in some species, the risks and threats of terrorism, terrorism operation impact on geopolitical developments in the region will be assessedhttps://www.iisajournals.ir/article_41951_611f7ca35c4d4723c66155489ecfaea0.pdf