Document Type : Original Article
Abstract
The present article is an exploration of the governance and environmental diplomacy of the Twelfth Government with an emphasis on two case studies. In this paper, the basic principles of environmental diplomacy in the foreign policy paradigm are explained in general and its importance and position are explained. After that, the role of governance and diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in this regard will be discussed in particular, and with emphasis on the approaches of the twelfth government, an attempt will be made to picture the successes and failures of Iran's foreign policy in this regard. Explain the environmental challenges of the Caspian Sea. The main idea of the article is that in this field, unfortunately, Iran's environmental governance and diplomacy are facing many problems and challenges, and there is no strong record in these fields, and the government has not been able to expand Iran's capacity and capabilities. Environmental relations and environmental sustainability work well. However, in the negotiations on challenging issues, especially with the neighbors, in order to secure Iran's interests, the successes have been very relative and small. It seems that our diplomatic apparatus has an irreplaceable role in persuading the Iranian government to prevent the implementation of destructive environmental plans and diplomatic bargaining at the level of the Caspian Sea basin countries and to resolve the dust crisis, which needs to be addressed as soon as possible. The more and more effective it is to play this role. This persuasion must be based on the concept of comprehensive security, and the Iranian government must be aware of and act on the issue of the environment in a way that shows that environmental issues are also an important part of the security puzzle. In this view and action plan, it is emphasized that security is not just a political and security aspect, and poor performance in the face of environmental crises can cause social and political challenges. Therefore, in order to ensure comprehensive security, a comprehensive approach to it and a prudent effort to solve the main environmental challenges in Iran is one of the most important issues in Iranian governance and diplomacy.