Abstract
.
The environment is the arena for the growth and development of human talents and the platform for the emergence, development and development of human conscience. An arena in the light of which human beings and their rights can be breathed, but these rights will face challenges in critical situations caused by pollution and environmental degradation that will make it impossible to exercise inherent human rights. The environment is being destroyed at an unprecedented rate. The spread of various pollutants, climate change, ozone depletion, declining biodiversity and the myriad environmental problems that threaten human life on Earth and have drastically reduced the quality of life is an undeniable fact that the international community is struggling. It is struggling. It is a pity that with the industrialization of mankind and the uncontrolled exploitation of nature, it has decreased. The principle of sustainable development, which the 1972 Stockholm and 1992 Rio de Janeiro Conferences and the Environmental Balance Conference considered respect for the rights of future generations, has not yet been considered as a general guideline. Government's international commitment to environmental protection, as reflected in Articles 21 of the Stockholm Declaration and 12 of the Rio de Janeiro Declaration, in international jurisdiction and arbitration, as well as in international instruments within the framework of States' legal (civil) liability for environmental non-pollution. And the compensation is well established. On the other hand, in national legal systems, the environment is supported by the application of civil and criminal enforcement guarantees against pollution, although these enforcement guarantees are sometimes practically unused due to disability or the disintegration of national laws and the lack of Adequate incentives to deal with environmental pollutants from government or public facilities make effective environmental protection inaccessible. Accordingly, the necessity and possibility of criminal protection of the environment is considered in international law. Environmental crime faces many challenges that make it impossible for any simple crime to repair the damage. First, it is sometimes the environmental offender or the government (such as uncontrolled dams of governments) or powerful companies (such as companies that produce transgenic crops) that engage in environmental misconduct behind power-wealth lobbies. This research is a library method using descriptive-analytical method and data collection