Abstract
The construction of artificial islands by the littoral states of the Persian Gulf and the Caspian Sea is in accordance with the 1982 Convention and is legitimate, but the proposed convention pays special attention to the need to respect the rights of neighbors and protect the marine environment in the construction of artificial islands. The founding governments of these islands can not consider artificial islands, baselines and sea areas, and they are only allowed to create safe areas with a radius of 500 meters for them.
Environmental damage by transferring the effects of these islands outside the territory of a country can cause damage to the environment of neighboring states. Given the integrity of the environment, governments are obliged to take measures to protect the environment within their borders so that other countries are not harmed by their neighbors.
The research method is descriptive and analytical written in international documents, its contents are based on library studies and collected by library studies and review of international documents.
Therefore, although the construction of artificial islands is legal in terms of international and regional rules and regulations on the seas, as well as the International Court of Maritime Law, in the construction of these islands, environmental planning and mutual interests of maritime neighbors must be considered by the builders of these structures.