خودـ انگارۀ چشم‌انداز تأمل‌گرا و طرح امکانات بدیل در مطالعۀ روابط بین‌الملل

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار روابط بین الملل دانشگاه خوارزمی

چکیده

با شکل‌گیری مناظرۀ چهارم در روابط بین‌الملل، چشم‌انداز خِرَدگرا همچنان خودـ انگاره یا تصویر از خودِ ثابتی نشان می‌دهد. این خودـ انگارۀ ثابت وضعیتی تغییرناپذیر از روابط بین‌الملل را بر مبنای اصل برسازندۀ حاکمیت و راهبرد همیشگی معطوف به امنیت و بقا ترسیم می‌کند. تصویر مورد نظر در دیدگاه‌های چشم‌انداز خردگرا در روابط بین‌الملل ریشه دارد. این مقاله در صدد آن است که با ارائۀ نقطه‌نظرات دیدگاه‌های چشم‌انداز تأمل‌گرا در قالب مناظرۀ چهارم و طرح مباحث فرانظری، امکانات بدیل در مطالعۀ رشتۀ روابط بین‌الملل را مورد توجه قرار دهد. صحبت از امکانات بدیل در مطالعۀ رشتۀ روابط بین‌الملل نه به معنای تحول ماهوی رشته، بلکه بیانگر رهایی رشته از تصویر ثابتی بوده که چشم‌انداز خِرَدگرا در مطالعۀ آن حاصل می‌کند. در این جهت دیدگاه‌های نظریۀ انتقادی، پساساختارگرایی/ پساتجدّدگرایی، فمینیسم و پسااستعمارگرایی ارائه می‌شوند. این مقاله با تحلیل دیدگاه‌های مذکور به این جمع‌بندی می‌رسد که خودـ انگاره یا تصویر از خود چشم‌انداز تأمل‌گرا ــ به لحاظ هستی‌شناختی و معرفت‌شناختی ــ با عدم تفکیک میان دانش‌پژوه روابط بین‌الملل و موضوع مورد مطالعۀ آن از یک سو، و گسترش موضوعات مورد مطالعه از سوی دیگر امکانات بدیلی را در مطالعۀ رشتۀ روابط بین‌الملل مطرح می‌کند. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Self-Imagination of the Reflective Perspective and the Design of Alternatives in the Study of International Relations

نویسنده [English]

  • Seyed Ali Monavari

Assistant Professor of International Relations, Kharazmi University

چکیده [English]

With the formation of the fourth debate in international relations, the rationalist perspective continues to show a conception or image of a fixed self. This constant self-image depicts an unchanging state of international relations based on the principle of sovereignty and the everlasting strategy of security and survival. The image is rooted in the views of the rationalist perspective in international relations. This article seeks to consider alternative possibilities in the study of international relations by presenting the points of view of a reflective perspective in the form of a fourth debate and a discussion of transnational themes. Speaking of alternatives to the study of international relations does not mean the material evolution of the discipline, but rather the liberation of the discipline from the fixed image that the individualist perspective provides in its study. Critical theory, post-structuralism / postmodernism, feminism, and post-colonialism are presented in this regard. This paper concludes by analyzing these views that the very idea or image of the contemplative perspective - ontologically and epistemologically - with the discrepancy between the international relations scholar and the subject under study on the one hand and the extension of the subjects under study on the one hand and on the other. It offers alternative opportunities in the study of international relations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • International Relationship
  • Self-concept
  • Reflectionism
  • Transnationalism
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