پژوهش های روابط بین الملل

تاثیرقدرت نرم ایالات‌متحده آمریکا بر افزایش نفوذ این کشور در عراق

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار روابط بین الملل دانشگاه اصفهان

2 دانش آموخته روابط بین الملل دانشگاه اصفهان

10.22034/irr.2020.110341

چکیده

تهاجم آمریکا علیه رژیم صدام در سال 2003 اگرچه سبب گردید تا این کشور در عرصه نبرد با تلفاتی اندک و سرعت زیاد، به پیروزی نظامی چشمگیر دست یابد؛ اما برای تثبیت و افزایش نفوذ خود و بهره‌مندی از این پیروزی نیازمند بود تا ابعاد دیگری از قدرت را علاوه بر قدرت نظامی در دستور کار قرار دهد. لذا، به اعمال بیشتر قدرت نرم در عراق خصوصاً از دوره اوباما مبادرت ورزید. در این پژوهش برای بررسی تأثیر قدرت نرم این کشور در افزایش نفوذ در عراق، این سؤال مطرح شده است که شاخص‌های قدرت نرم آمریکا در عراق چه بوده و کدام بُعد از قدرت نرم بیشترین جذابیت را برای مردم عراق ایجاد کرده است؟ در پاسخ به سؤال طرح‌ شده، با استفاده از الگوی نظری قدرت نرم و با بهره‌گیری از روش توصیفی-تحلیلی، این نتیجه حاصل شده است که واشنگتن از شاخص‌های سیاسی، فرهنگی، اقتصادی و علمی قدرت نرم همزمان بهره برده و بُعد فرهنگی قدرت نرم آمریکا بیشترین جذابیت را برای مردم عراق داشته است. کاربست قدرت نرم باعث شده که تا حدودی نگرش مردم عراق خصوصاً از سال 2014 به بعد نسبت به آمریکا مثبت گردد ولی کماکان آمریکا در کنار رژیم صهیونیستی، یک دولت نامطلوب نزد افکار عمومی خصوصاً مردم عرب زبان سنی عراق است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Impact of US Soft Power on the United States' Growing Influence in Iraq

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Omidi 1
  • Asma Emami 2

1 Associate Professor of International Relations, University of Isfahan

2 Graduate of International Relations, University of Isfahan

چکیده [English]

The US invasion against Saddam's regime in 2003, though yielded significant military victory with low casualties, but to consolidate and increase its influence and benefit from this swift military victory, so it needed to put other dimensions of power on the agenda. Therefore, it has applied more soft power in Iraq, especially since the Obama administration. In this study, to examine the US influence of soft power on Iraqis, this question is raised: what are the indicators of American soft power in Iraq and which dimension of soft power has made Iraqis most attractive? By using the theoretical model of soft power and a descriptive-analytical approach, it is concluded that Washington has used the political, cultural, economic, and scientific indicators of soft power simultaneously and the cultural dimension of American soft power has been more appealing to the Iraqi people. The application of soft power has made the Iraqi people's attitude toward the US partly moderated, especially since 2014; but the United States remains, alongside the Zionist regime, the most undesirable states in the public opinion of the Iraqi people, especially Iraqi Sunni Arabs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Soft Power"
  • "Iraq"
  • "the US"
  • "Culture"
  • "Media"
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پژوهش های روابط بین الملل
دوره 9، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 34
اسفند 1398
صفحه 251-283