پژوهش های روابط بین الملل
آموزه هاو ساختارهای دموکراسی جهان شهریاز سطوح ملی تا جهانی
نویسنده
دانشیار دانشکده علوم سیاسی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران مرکزی
چکیده
بی شک امروزه دموکراسی یکی از مقبول ترین اشکال نظام های سیاسی به شمار می رود و از دیر باز تاکنون اشکال مختلفی از آن توسط اندیشمندان ارائه شده است ولی اغلباینالگوها دارای سمت و سویی ایدئولوژیک بوده اند . دیوید هلد از جمله نظریه‌پردازان مطرح در حوزه مطالعات دموکراسی است که تلاش نموده با ارائه الگوی دموکراسی جهان شهری گام موثری را در جهت تحقق واقعگرایی دموکراتیک فراسوی ایدئولوژی های راست و چپ بردارد و با دیدی فرآیندی گامی در جهت تحقق حقوق عمومی دموکراتیک ، حقوق عمومی انسانی و مشارکت جهانی او به جهت تکثر هویت انسانی در قالب های ملی ،منطقه ای و جهانی اش بردارد.او عمدتا نگاهی فرآیندی و تکامل گرا به دموکراسی داشته و به اعتقاد وی دموکراسی به عنوان یکی از موفق ترین نظام های بشری روند تکامل گرایانه خود را همواره در گذار از الگوهای وستفالیایی دولت محور به سوی جنبش های نوین اجتماعی و جامعه مدنی جهانی ادامه خواهد داد. او با پیوند اصل خودمختاری و اصل مشارکت ترکیب جدیدی به نام "دموکراسی جهان‌شهری"، که برداشتی از روابط قانونی دموکراتیک می باشد را ارائه داده است. در این مقاله عمده ترین آموزه ها ، مفروضات اصلی و ساختارهای دموکراسی جهان شهری از سطوح ملی تامنطقه ای وجهانی و گذار از دموکراسی های دولت محور به دموکراسی جهانی به تصویر کشیده شده است.آرزوی نهایی هلد، تحقق آرمان‌های الگوی دموکراسی جهان‌شهری در عرصه جهانی است‌وتلاش برای یافتن اشکال جدیدتری از جامعه سیاسی جهان شهری که در آن اعضای متعلق به جوامع گوناگون به عنوان شهروندان جهانی گرد هم می آیند تا بر تصمیماتی که بر کل جهان تأثیر می گذارد، اثرگذار باشند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
The principles and structure of cosmopolitan Democracy: from national levels toward global levels
نویسنده [English]
- Mohammad Tohidfam
Associate Professor of Political Science, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch
چکیده [English]
No doubt that of the more desirable kind of political system is now democracy. Over time, thinkers have presented different patterns for democracy, most of which have been ideologically oriented. As an outstanding theorist in democratic studies, David Held seeks to effectively involve in the realization of democracy beyond right- and left-ideologies, presenting a cosmopolitan kind of democracy. Moreover, through process viewpoint, he attempts to take a step forward achieving public rights of democracy and humanity, and world participating to extend human identity to national, regional and global levels. Held often has process and perfectionist looks for democracy and believes that democracy, as a most successful human being’s system, will sustain its perfectionist process in passage from westphalian stat-oriented patterns towards new social movements and a global civil society. Linking the principles of autonomy and participation, he provides a new combination called “cosmopolitan democracy”; a perception of the democratic legal relations.The study presents major concepts, basic assumptions and structures of cosmopolitan democracy from national to regional and global levels, and the transition from state-oriented democracies towards a global democracy. The Last dreams of Held are to realize ideas of cosmopolitan democracy in global level and to find out novel forms of political society for cosmopolitanism where members from different societies would gather as global citizens in order to impact on decisions effective for whole world.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- David Held
- Democracy
- Global Participation
- State-Oriented Democracy
- Global Democracy
- Cosmopolitan Democracy
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