پژوهش های روابط بین الملل

پژوهش های روابط بین الملل

اعمال حقوق بازرگانی فراملی به عنوان قانون حاکم بر قراردادها در داوری تجاری بین المللی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق خصوصی، گروه حقوق، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران.
2 مدرس دانشگاه، دکتری حقوق خصوصی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
حقوق بازرگانی فراملی یا همان لکس مرکاتوریا همواره به عنوان یکی از گزینه های مناسب برای اداره قراردادهای منعقده در تجارت خارجی مطرح شده و به دلائل متعدد داوران و بازرگانان در موقعیت های متفاوت بجای انتخاب و اعمال قوانین ملی تمایل به انتخاب لکس مرکاتوریا داشته اند. با این وجود مسئله ای که باید به آن توجه کرد، مناسبت های اعمال لکس مرکاتوریا می باشد که در واقع اشاره به موقعیت های دارد که داوران بین المللی می توانند لکس مرکاتوریا را به عنوان قانون حاکم بر قرارداد اعمال کنند. در این راستا بررسی موقعیت های اعمال لکس مرکاتوریا نشان می دهد اعمال این نظام حقوقی فراملی تنها از طریق انتخاب صریح آن به عنوان قانون حاکم بر قرارداد از سوی متعاقدین صورت نمی گیرد، بلکه موارد متعددی وجود دارد که حتی در فقدان انتخاب صریح لکس مرکاتوریا به عنوان قانون حاکم بر قرارداد، داوران آن را به عنوان قانون مناسب برای اداره قراردادهای منعقده در تجارت خارجی درنظر گرفته اند. این مقاله به روش تبییتی به اعمال حقوق بازرگانی فراملی به عنوان قانون حاکم بر قراردادها در داوری تجاری بین المللی پرداخته است
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Applying transnational commercial law as the law governing contracts in international commercial arbitration

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Karimi 1
Gholamreza Karimi 2
1 PhD Student of private Law, Department of Law, Najaf Abad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najaf Abad, Iran.
2 University Lecturer, PhD in Private Law, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Transnational commercial law or Lex Mercatoria, has always been proposed as one of the appropriate options for managing contracts concluded in foreign trade, and for many reasons, judges and businessmen in different situations have tended to choose Lex Mercatoria instead of choosing and applying national laws. However, the issue that should be paid attention to is the occasions of applying Lex Mercatoria, which actually refers to the situations where international arbitrators can apply Lex Mercatoria as the governing law of the contract. In this regard, the examination of the situations of the application of Lex Mercatoria shows that the application of this transnational legal system is not only done through the explicit choice of it as the governing law of the contract by the contracting parties, but there are many cases that even in the absence of the explicit choice of Lex Mercatoria as the law governing the contract, the arbitrators have considered it as the appropriate law for managing contracts concluded in foreign trade.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Transnational commercial law
Arbitration
Contract
Foreign Trade
Merchants
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