پژوهش های روابط بین الملل

پژوهش های روابط بین الملل

ارزیابی مقایسه ای و انتقادی گونه های فراحکمرانی و حکمرانی شبکه ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
استاد گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
چکیده
در دو دهه گذشته،شاهد پیچیدگی های نوظهوردرروابط دولت باجامعه وگسترش بحرانهای نوظهورسیاسی، اقتصادی،اجتماعی و نارضایتی هابه الگوهای حکمرانی کلاسیک دولت محور بوده ایم.در چنین بستری،آسیب شناسی وارایه پیشنهادهابرای الگوهای جدیدحکمرانی ضرورت یافته اند. این پزوهش ازنوع بنیادی باهدف ارزیابی انتقادی- مقایسه ای گونه های نظری در ارتباط با فراحکمرانی و حکمرانی شبکه ای صورت گرفته است. پرسش اصلی آن است که ازسالهای آغازین دهه 2000 به این سو، ازمنظر مقایسه ای، گونه های الگوهای فراحکمرانی و حکمرانی شبکه ای مطرح در در سپهر دانشگاهی- آکادمیک و به دنبال آن در مدیریت و اعمال حکومت چه بوده اند و چگونه ارزیابی می شوند؟ در این نوشتار، نظریه های تشکیل دهنده فراحکمرانی یا شبکه ای همجون « وابستگی متقابل»،« انسجام»، »حکومت بودگی» و « حکومت پذیری»، بررسی و ارزیابی انتقادی می شوند. یافته های این مطالعه نشان می دهد امروزه بیش از گذشته به ضرورت الگو های جدید فراحکمرانی و حکمرانی شبکه ای برای رفع چالش های بدخیم جوامع کنونی نیازمندیم. هر چهار نظریه با زوایه های متفاوت به شبکه های خودسازمان ده به عنوان بخش جدایی ناپذیر ازفرایندهای حکمرانی مدرن توجه دارند.درمجموع بحث های آکادمیک واستفاده روبه افزایش ازشبکه های حکمرانی یا الگوهای فراحکمرانی پاسخی به ناکامی الگوهای یک سویه،حکومت محورو سلسله مراتبی حکمرانی و حتی الگوهای حکمرانی بازاری ازدهه 1970 به این سو بوده اند.تلاش ها و روش های متمرکز و برنامه ریزی شده حکمرانی و کنترل های بوروکراتیک منجر به ناکامی ها درمدیریت ،برآورده نشدن مطالبات فزاینده شهروندان و درمجموع نارضایتی های سیاسی،اجتماعی و اقتصادی آنان شده اند
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Comparative and critical evaluation of types of supra-governance and network governance

نویسنده English

Khalilola Sardarnia
, Professor, Department of Political Science, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
چکیده English

In the past two decades, we have witnessed the emerging complications in the relations between the government and the society and the spread of emerging political, economic, and social crises and dissatisfaction with the classical state-oriented governance models. In such a context, pathology and providing suggestions for new models of governance have become necessary. This research is of a fundamental type with the purpose of critical-comparative evaluation of theoretical types related to supra-governance and network governance. The main question is, from the early years of the 2000s onwards, from a comparative perspective, what the types of extra-governance and network governance models have been proposed in the academic-academic sphere, followed by management and government practices, and how to be evaluated? In this article, the theories that make up supra-governance or a homogeneous network such as "interdependence", " Integration ", “Governability " and " Governmentality " are examined and critically evaluated. The findings of this study show that today more than in the past, we need new models of supra-governance and network governance to solve the serious challenges of current societies. All four theories with different angles pay attention to self-organizing networks as an integral part of modern governance processes. In general, academic debates and the increasing use of governance networks or supra-governance models have been a response to the failure of one-sided, government-oriented and hierarchical governance models and even market governance models since the 1970s The centralizedandplannedeffortsand methodsof governanceand bureaucraticcontrolshavebeen led tofailuresin satisfactorymanagement, failureto meet thegrowingdemandsof citizensand their political, socialandeconomic dissatisfaction

کلیدواژه‌ها English

supra-governance
network governance
Integration
Governability
Governmentality
 
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