International Relations Researches

International Relations Researches

Analyzing the theoretical and functional dimensions of equitable balancing of legal remedies in the settlement of contractual disputes

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Alireza soltani 1
Gholamhossein Afras 2
Abbas Barzegarzadeh 3
1 PhD Candidate, Private Law, Bu.c., Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
2 Department of Private Law, Bu.c., Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
3 Department of International Law, Bu.c., Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
10.22034/irr.2026.582134.2855
Abstract
In contemporary legal systems, the principle of fairness has gained significant attention as a fundamental concept in achieving contractual justice and adjusting legal relationships. This article aims to examine the position and function of the principle of fairness in Iranian contract law with a comparative view of English law, and to analyze its role in the interpretation and enforcement of contracts. The research method is descriptive–analytical and is based on library studies, including legal texts, doctrinal writings, statutes, and selected judicial practices. In this framework, the concept and theoretical foundations of fairness in law and Islamic jurisprudence are first explained, followed by an examination of its status in the Iranian legal system and English law. The findings indicate that although the principle of fairness in English law—particularly through the institution of equity—has a clear and influential role in moderating rigid legal rules, in Iranian law this principle can also be inferred and applied through Islamic jurisprudential foundations and legal doctrines such as justice, good faith, and the rule of no harm. However, its application in Iranian judicial practice is less explicit and systematic. Therefore, strengthening a fairness based approach in the interpretation and enforcement of contracts can contribute to achieving contractual justice, reducing legal disputes, and enhancing the flexibility of the legal system.
Keywords
انصاف
حقوق قراردادها
حقوق ایران
حقوق انگلستان
عدالت قراردادی
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