International Relations Researches

International Relations Researches

Extraterritorial jurisdiction of competition law in the European Union

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Golaleh Abdollah Pour 1
Fathullah Rahimi 2
1 PhD student in International Law, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 PhD in International Law, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
10.22034/irr.2024.448641.2524
Abstract
Jurisdiction is one of the inherent elements of sovereignty over land. The development of the interests of governments beyond territorial borders has led to the adoption of criteria for the exercise of extraterritorial jurisdiction. Extraterritorial jurisdiction can be defined in three levels: legal, judicial and executive. In terms of legal order, in all lawsuits, the issue of the jurisdiction of a court is considered first, then the issue of legal jurisdiction and finally the issuance of an executive order is raised. The degree of legitimacy of these qualifications will be different according to the historical, philosophical and conceptual approach in general international law. By observing international law texts, one can understand the pros and cons of the legitimacy of extraterritorial jurisdictions. Therefore, even those who are in favor of extraterritorial jurisdiction do not deny the adverse consequences of these jurisdictions. However, it is necessary to provide a solution to the problem of extraterritorial jurisdiction. The purpose of this research is to investigate the extraterritorial validity of competition rights in the European Union. In this research, we will collect information in the way of library study and then analyze them.
Keywords
extraterritorial jurisdiction
competition law
European Union
extraterritorial law
آزاد ارمکی، تقی. (1394). اندیشه اجتماعی متفکران مسلمان از فارابی تا ابن خلدون. تهران: انتشارات سروش
باقری، محمود، و فلاح‌زاده، علی‌محمد. (1388). مبانی حقوق عمومی حقوق رقابت با نگاهی به قانون اساسی جمهوری اسلامی ایران. مطالعات حقوق خصوصی، (3)، 63–81
رشوند بوکانی، مهدی. (1396). حقوق رقابت در فقه امامیه، حقوق ایران و اتحادیه اروپا. تهران: نشردانشگاه امام صادق (ع)
سماواتی، حشمت‌الله. (1397). مقدمه‌ای بر حقوق رقابت تجارتی و نقش آن در سیاست‌گذاری و تنظیم بازار. تهران: انتشارات فردوسی
ضیایی، سید یاسر. (1391). صلاحیت فراسرزمینی در حقوق بین‌الملل سرمایه‌گذاری رساله دکتری، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی
غفاری فارسانی، بهنام. (1391). ضمانت اجراهای مدنی نقض قواعد حقوق رقابت (رساله دکتری، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران).
کدخدایی، عباسعلی. (1395). ساختار و حقوق اتحادیه اروپایی. تهران: انتشارات میزان
الیوت، جان ای. (1386). نهادگرایی به عنوان رهیافتی به اقتصاد سیاسی (ترجمه آرش اسلامی و علی نصیری اقدام). اقتصاد سیاسی تحول همه‌جانبه، (5)، 63–92.
Born, G. B. (2017). A reappraisal of the extraterritorial reach of U.S. law.
Borchard, E. (1942). Extraterritorial confiscations. American Journal of International Law, 36(2), 275–288.
Backer, L. Catá. (2014). Multinational corporations as objects and sources of transnational regulation. ILSA Journal of International & Comparative Law, 14(2), 499–523.
Frazer, T. (1990). Competition policy after 1992: The next stop. The Modern Law Review, 53, 610–625.
Frenz, W. (2016). Handbook of EU Competition Law. Springer.
Hartley, T. C. (2015). International Commercial Litigation: Text, Cases and Materials on Private International Law (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Knox, J. H. (2010). A presumption against extrajurisdictionality. American Journal of International Law, 104(3), 351–390.
Lorenz, M. (2013). An Introduction to European Union Competition Law. Cambridge University Press.
Norton, J. J. (1979). Extraterritorial jurisdiction of U.S. antitrust and securities. International and Comparative Law Quarterly, 28(4), 575–598.
Reparations for Injuries Suffered in the Service of the United Nations (Advisory Opinion). (2016). ICJ Reports, 174.
Ryngaert, C. (2018). Jurisdiction in International Law. Oxford University Press.
Schütze, R. (2012). An Introduction to European Union Law. Cambridge University Press.
Scott, J. (2014). Extraterritoriality and territorial extension in EU law. American Journal of Comparative Law, 62, 87–126.
The Commission of the European Communities. (2018). The Ninth Report on Competition Policy. Brussels: Commission of the European Communities.
Weatherill, S. (2016). EU Law: Cases, Texts, and Materials. Oxford University Press.
Zelger, B. (2020). EU competition law and extraterritorial jurisdiction: A critical analysis of the ECJ's judgment in Intel. European Competition Journal, 16(2–3), 613–627.
Zerk, J. A. (2010). Extraterritorial Jurisdiction: Lessons for the Business and Human Rights Sphere from Six Regulatory Areas (Working Paper No. 59). Harvard Corporate Social Responsibility Initiative.