پژوهش های روابط بین الملل

پژوهش های روابط بین الملل

چشم انداز نظم بین المللی در پرتو رقابت چین و آمریکا

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
استادیار روابط بین الملل، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول)
چکیده
پرداختن به مفهوم نظم جهانی و تغییر در نظام بین‌الملل، افزون بر فراهم‌کردن امکان درکی نظام‌مند از تحولات سیاست جهانی، امکانات انتظام و استحکام سیاست خارجی دولت‌ها را نیز تعیین می‌کند. درکی واقع‌بینانه از منطق تکوین و تحول نظم جهانی، فهم چرایی کنش‌های دولت‌ها به‌ویژه قدرت‌های بزرگ، جایگاه مناطق در نظام بین‌الملل و مسیر حرکت سیاست جهانی را روشن می‌سازد. این مقاله بر آن است تا با پرداختی نظری به مفاهیم نظم، تغییر و انواع تغییر در نظم جهانی از نظرگاه نظریه‌پردازان جریان اصلی روابط بین‌الملل، به این پرسش پاسخ دهد که بر اساس نظریه‌های موجود، رقابت چین و آمریکا برای شکل‌دهی به نظم جهانی نوین اکنون در چه مراحلی قرار دارد؟ برای پاسخ به این پرسش، نویسنده بر آن است تا گزاره‌های نظری مرتبط با نظم، تغییر و انواع تغییر در نظم جهانی را استنباط و هر کدام از این گزاره‌ها را برای درک روابط کنونی چین و آمریکا به کار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

The perspective of the international order in the light of the competition between China and the United States

نویسنده English

majid mohammad sharifi
Assistant Professor of International Relations, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran (corresponding author)
چکیده English

Dealing with the concept of world order and change in the international system, in addition to providing the possibility of a systematic understanding of global political developments, determines the possibilities of structure and the strength of the foreign policy of the states. A realistic understanding of the logic of the development and transformation of the world order, understanding reasons of the actions of governments, especially the great powers, clarify the place of regions in the international system and the direction of global politics. These two concepts are an inevitable necessity both in the theory and in the practice. Understanding this necessity, this article tries to infer the elements of consistency and change in the world order by pondering the mainstream theories of international relations, and to discuss and criticize the development of global politics.. . . . . .. . .. . . . . .. . . . .

کلیدواژه‌ها English

world order
change in the international system
types of change
means of controlling the world order
America and China
طباطبایی، سید جواد (1401)، ابن خلدون و علوم اجتماعی؛ تهران، انتشارات مینوی خرد.
مشیرزاده، حمیرا (1384) تحول در نظریه‌های روابط بین‌الملل، تهران، انتشارات سمت.
Acharya, Amitav (2007) The Emerging Regional Architecture of World Politics, World Politics, 59 (4): 629–652.
Aron, Raymond. 1966. The Anarchical Order of Power. Daedalus 95 (2): 479–502.Comparative Studies in Society and History.
Axelrod, Robert and Robert O. Keohane (1985), Achieving Cooperation under Anarchy: Strategies and Institutions, World Politics, Vol. 38, No. 1 pp. 226-254.
Buzan, Barry and Ole Wæver (2003), Regions and Powers The Structure of, International Security, Cambridge University Press.
Carr, Edward Hallett (1951), The Twenty Years' Crisis, 1919-1939. An Introduction to the Study of International Relations. London: Macmillan,
Cox, Robert W. (with Timothy J. Sinclair) (1996) Approaches to World Order,Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
David A. Lake and Patrick M. Morgan (1997), Regional Orders: Building Security in a New World, The Pennsylvania State University Press.
Fearon, D. James (1995), Rationalist Explanations for War, International Organization, Vol. 49, No. 3, pp. 379-414.
Figaro (2019), Pour Emmanuel Macron, l'Otan est en état de «mort cérébrale», https://www.lefigaro.fr/international/le-president-francais-emmanuel-macron-juge-l-otan-en-etat-de-mort-cerebrale-20191107.
Fischer Fritz (1975), World power or decline: The controversy over Germany's aims in the First World War, ‌ Norton; First edition.
Geller S. Daniel (1992), Power Transition and Conflict Initiation, Conflict Management and peace Science, vol. 12, no. 1, 1992,p.p 1-1 6.
 Claude, L. Inis (1962), Power and International Relations, Random House; New York.
Grieco, M. Joseph (1988), Anarchy and the Limits of Cooperation: A Realist Critique of the Newest Liberal Institutionalism, International Organization, Vol. 42, No. 3, pp. 485-507.
Gulick, Edward (1995), Europe's Classical Balance of Power, Cornell University Press.
Hedley Bull (1999) The Anarchical Society, 2nd ed. (Basingstoke: Macmillan,
Hoffman, Stanley (1978) Primacy or World Order. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Howard, Michael (1983) The Causes of Wars (Cambridge: Harvard University Press,
 Ikenberry, G. John (2001) After Victory: Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Rebuilding of Order after Major Wars, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Kim, Woosang (1992), Power Transitions and Great Power War from Westphalia to Waterloo, World Politics, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 153-172.
 Kissinger A Henry (2014), World Order, Penguin Publishing Group.
Kugler Jacek and Frank C. Zagare (1987), The Long-Term Stability of Deterrence, International Interactions, Vol. 15, Nos. 3/4, pp. 255-278.
Lake, A. David and Patrick M. Morgan (2010) Regional Orders, Building Security in a New World, Pennsylvania State University Press.
Lemke, Douglas and Jacek Kugler (1996), The Evolution of the Power Transition Perspective. In Parity and War: Evolution and Extensions of The War Ledger, edited by Jacek Kugler and Douglas Lemke, University of Michigan Press.
 Levy S. Jack (1987) Declining Power and the Preventive Motivation for War, World Politics, Volume 40, Issue 01, pp. 82 – 107.
Mearsheimer John (2001) The Tragedy of Great Power Politics, W. W. Norton & Company.
Modelski, George (1978) The Long Cycle of Global Politics and the Nation State,
Morgenthau Hans J (1978). Politics among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
 Mundell, Robert A., and Swoboda, Alexander K., eds (1969) Monetary Problems of the International Economy, Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
Muthiah Alagappa 92003) The Study of International Order, in Alagappa, ed., Asian Security Order: Instrumental and Normative Features (Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press.
Organski, A. F. K (1958), World Politics, Knopf
Paul W. Schroeder (1972) World War I as Galloping Gertie: A Reply to Joachim Remak, Journal of Modern History, Vol. 44, No. 3 pp. 319-345.
Sorensen, George (2006) What Kind of World Order? The International System in the New Millennium, Cooperation and Conflict, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 343-363.
Robert Gilpin (1981) War and Change in World Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
Tagesschau (2023), Wie sich Deutschland schützen will, https://www.tagesschau.de/inland/nationale-sicherheitsstrategie-104.html.
Tammen, Ronald L. 2006. “The Impact of Asia on World Politics: China and India Options for the United States.” International Studies Review 8: 563–580.
Thompson, William (1983) Succession Crises in the Global Political System: A Test of the Transition Model, in Albert L. Bergesen, ed., Crises in the World System (Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Volgy, J. Thomas et.al (2013), Major Powers and the Quest for Status in International Politics Global and Regional Perspectives, PALGRAVE MACMILLAN.
Walt M. Stephen (1985) Alliance Formation and the Balance of World Power, International Security, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 3-43.
Waltz, Kenneth N (1979) Theory of International Politics, Reading, MA: Addison Wesl